Compressor motor Reciprocating Compressor

Compressor

Compressor:

  The Pump of a Refrigerating Mechanism which draws a Vacuum or low Pressure on Cooling side of Refrigerant Cycle and Squeezes or Compresses the gas into the high Pressure or Condensing side of the Cycle.

Cycle:

  Series of Events which have Tendency to Repeat some Events in same order.

How the Compressor Works:

  In a Refrigeration System a Compressor usually driven by an Electric motor, is used to Compress the gas Molecules of the Evaporated Refrigerant until they reach a high Temperature.
The Heated vapor
Under high pressure
Is then Discharged into the Condenser.
  The heat flows from the Compressed vapor through the metal walls of the Condenser into the cooling medium which Surrounds the Condenser.
  If the system is to work efficiently, the compressor must operate with very little loss due to leakage or friction.

What are the Types of Compressor:

•   Reciprocating Compressor
•   Rotary Compressor
•   Hermetic Compressor
•   Centrifugal Compressor

Reciprocating Compressor:

  Compressor which uses a piston and cylinder mechanism to provide pumping action.

  The piston - cylinder type compressor is a reciprocating compressor. To reciprocate means to move to and fro,  or back and forth in a straight line. To compress the charge of vapor in a reciprocating type compressor, a plunger or piston is moved in a cylinder and the vapor is compressed and moved through the opening provided. As the piston moves out of the cylinder, a void is create.
  A new charge of vapor rushes into this space, and it in turn is compressed and moved into the condense. Because the original source of pumping energy is usually an electric motor which has rotary motion only, a Mechanism must be made to change the rotary motion to reciprocating motion. This change is usually Accomplished by means of a crank and a rod connecting the crank to the piston. The complete mechanism is housed in a leak-proof container called a crankcase.

  The most common way to classify reciprocating compressors is by the number of cylinders. Many refrigeration compressors are of the single or one cylinder type, but tow cylinder models are in use in many hermetic systems. They run smoothly and are compact.
 For large commercial Installations,   Compressors are made with

• Three Cylinder 
• Four Cylinder
• Five Cylinder
• Six Cylinder
• Seven Cylinder

or more Cylinders.

  The cylinder arrangement is another method of

• Classifying Compressors
• Vertical single
• Horizontal single
• 45 deg. Single
• Vertical two Cylinder
• V - Type two Cylinder
• W- Type three Cylinder
• Radial three Cylinder

Etc. Compressor Have all deen used.

  A Popular type of Reciprocating Compressor used on many Automobile air Conditioning Systems is known as a
Swash plate Compressor
wobble plate Compressor
  No Crankshaft or no Connecting rod is used in this type of Compressor.
  The Cylinder and piston are mounted.
  As the shaft revolves the swash plate causes the piston to Reciprocate in the cylinder.
  Cross section through a swash plate type of Reciprocating Compressor.

• Drive shaft
• Swash Plate
• Piston
• Cylinder Wall
• Drive Ball
• Valve plate
• Ball Shoe
• Piston Stroke
• Thrust Bearing

  As the Driveshaft and Swash Plate Revolve the Piston is Moved Back and Forth in the Cylinder.
  Usually the Swash Plate Compressor has Three or More Cylinders Arranged in a Circle Around the Drive Shaft.
Since the Compressor is Double Actin, that is Compression takes place at Each end of the Stroke.
  A Three Cylinder Compressor will give a pumping action Corresponding to A Six Cylinder Conventional Compressor of the same Cylinder and Stroke Dimensions.
  This type Compressor has also been Built as a Single Acting Compressor.
  A Five Cylinder model has been used in Automotive System.

  The reciprocating type compressor is most commonly used. Its simplicity of manufacture, durability, and ease of maintenance make it a popular choice.